Wideband Variable-Gain Amplifiers Based on a Pseudo-Current-Steering Gain-Tuning Technique
Objective
This paper reports two variable-gain amplifiers (VGAs) featuring a new pseudo-current-steering gain-tuning technique.
Abstract
This paper introduces two variable-gain amplifiers (VGAs) that incorporate an innovative pseudo-current-steering gain-tuning technique. In the first VGA, referred to as VGA-I, we have developed a standalone gain control block utilizing a single-voltage-controlled dual-branch current mirror. The second VGA, VGA-II, features the integration of two NMOS transistors, which are biased by a tunable voltage, into a conventional common-source amplifier to divert a portion of the total current. We also provide a comprehensive theoretical analysis to elucidate the mechanisms behind the different gain tuning approaches.
Both VGAs, VGA-I and VGA-II, were fabricated using a 45-nm CMOS process and demonstrate remarkable compactness. Their power consumption is also quite low, with VGA-I consuming more than VGA-II consuming. For time-domain testing, both VGA-I and VGA-II exhibit excellent performance.
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Block Diagram
Specifications
· CADENCE VIRTUOSO
· GPDK 45
Hardware Requirements:
· Microsoft® Windows XP
· Intel® Pentium® 4 processor or Pentium 4 equivalent with SSE support
· 512 MB RAM
· 100 MB of available disk space
Learning Outcomes
o Introduction to Digital electronics
o Importance of Transistors
- MOS Fundamentals
- NMOS/PMOS/CMOS Technologies
- How to design circuits using Transistor logic?
- Scope of amplifiers in today’s world
- Applications in Real time.
- VGA importance.
o Cadence for design and simulation
o Solution providing for real time problems
- Project Development Skills:
- Problem Analysis Skills
- Problem Solving Skills
- Logical Skills
- Designing Skills
- Testing Skills
- Debugging Skills
- Presentation skills
- Thesis Writing Skills
- Cadence tool for design and simulation
Paper Publishing
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