Energy Management and Coordinated Control Strategy of PV HESS AC Microgrid During Islanded Operation

Abstract

This paper presents the design and control of a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) using a battery and supercapacitor integrated through a common DC link. The system aims to ensure efficient power management under dynamic load conditions. A PI controller is employed to regulate the DC link voltage and coordinate power sharing between the battery and supercapacitor. The battery acts as the primary energy source, supplying steady-state power, while the supercapacitor provides fast transient support during sudden load variations. The performance of the system is evaluated under step changes in load from 500 W to 700 W. Simulation results demonstrate that the DC link voltage is maintained with minimal deviation, while the supercapacitor effectively handles transient power demands and the battery delivers sustained energy. The proposed system enhances stability, reduces stress on the battery, and improves overall system efficiency, making it suitable for applications such as electric vehicles and DC microgrids.

Keywords: Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS), Battery, Supercapacitor, DC Link Voltage, PI Controller, Power Management, Transient Response, Load Variation, Energy Sharing, DC Microgrid.