EffNet SVM A Hybrid Model for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification Using Retinal Fundus Images

Project Code :TCMAPY1613

Objective

The objective of this project is to develop an accurate and interpretable machine learning model for anemia prediction using medical and demographic data. By integrating explainable AI techniques such as LIME, SHAP, and PDP, the model aims to support clinical decision-making with transparent insights into feature importance and prediction logic for reliable healthcare outcomes.

Abstract

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a progressive eye disease caused by diabetes, and early detection is critical to prevent vision loss. This project, titled "Efficient SVM: A Hybrid Model for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification Using Retinal Fundus Images", presents a hybrid deep learning and machine learning framework for the accurate classification of DR stages. Leveraging pre-trained MobileNet for efficient feature extraction and Support Vector Machine (SVM) for robust classification, the system aims to balance computational efficiency with high predictive performance. The model is trained on the APTOS 2019 Kaggle dataset comprising labeled retinal fundus images across five classes: No_DR, Mild_DR, Moderate_DR, Severe_DR, and Proliferative_DR. The image processing pipeline includes resizing, normalization, and feature vector extraction using MobileNet, followed by classification via SVM. Additionally, the system is deployed through a Flask web interface, allowing users to upload retinal images and receive immediate DR classification results. The modular architecture supports model expansion to include EfficientNet-SVM and transformer-based classifiers such as ViT and Swin Transformer for performance comparison and enhancement. This approach demonstrates the effectiveness of transfer learning and hybrid modeling in medical image classification, offering a scalable solution for real-time, low-latency DR diagnosis. Future work will integrate explainable AI modules for clinical interpretability and extend model capabilities for broader ophthalmic disorder detection. KeywordsDiabetic Retinopathy, Hybrid Model, MobileNet, SVM, Retinal Fundus Images, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, EfficientNet, Swin Transformer, ViT, Transfer Learning, Flask Deployment, Medical Image Classification.  

 

NOTE: Without the concern of our team, please don't submit to the college. This Abstract varies based on student requirements.

Specifications

4.2 H/W CONFIGURATION:

u  Processor    - I3/Intel Processor

u  Hard Disk    -160 GB

u  RAM            - 8 GB

To implement and test the anemia prediction model effectively, the system requires a basic yet capable hardware setup that supports machine learning model development, training, and deployment. The selected configuration ensures smooth operation of the application, efficient memory management during model training, and seamless web interface responsiveness.

  • Processor – Intel i3 or Equivalent:

The system uses an Intel Core i3 processor or any equivalent processor that supports multitasking and moderate computational workloads. This is sufficient for running machine learning training pipelines, executing model inference, and handling backend logic.

  • Hard Disk – 160 GB:

A minimum of 160 GB of storage is required to install the operating system, development tools, libraries, and datasets. It also provides adequate space for temporary storage of model files, logs, and project backups.

  • RAM – 8 GB:

With 8 GB of RAM, the system can efficiently handle machine learning model training on small to medium-sized datasets, run multiple processes, and support a local server environment without performance lags.

 

4.3 S/W CONFIGURATION:

 

u  Operating System       :   Windows 7/8/10      .          

u  Server side Script       :   HTML, CSS & JS.

u  IDE                             :   Vscode

u  Libraries Used            :    Numpy, Pandas,Sklearn,Tensorflow

u  Technology                 :    Python 3.6+.

 

The software configuration outlines the operating environment, tools, and libraries used to build and run the anemia prediction model. These tools are chosen for their compatibility, ease of use, and support for machine learning and explainable AI development.

  • Operating System – Windows 7/8/10:


The application is developed to be compatible with modern Windows platforms, ensuring flexibility for a wide range of users and systems.

  • Server Side Script – HTML, CSS, JavaScript:


These web technologies are used to build the frontend of the application, enabling user interactions for data input, results display, and explanation visualization in a browser-based environment.

  • IDE – Visual Studio Code (VSCode):


VSCode is the preferred integrated development environment due to its rich extension ecosystem, Python support, version control integration, and ease of debugging.

  • Libraries Used – NumPy, Pandas, Scikit-learn, TensorFlow:
    • NumPy and Pandas are used for data manipulation and preprocessing.
    • Scikit-learn handles machine learning models such as Decision Tree, KNN, SVM, and ensemble classifiers.
    • TensorFlow supports implementation of deep learning models like the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP).

 

  • Technology – Python 3.6+:
    Python is the core programming language for backend logic, machine learning, and model training. Version 3.6 or above ensures compatibility with modern libraries and better performance optimizations.

Demo Video