Automatic Fault Detection and Location of Transmission Lines using IoT

The Electric Power System is divided into many different sections. One of which is the transmission system, where power is transmitted from generating stations and substations via transmission lines into consumers. Both methods could encounter various types of malfunctions is usually referred to as a “Fault”. Fault is simply defined as a number of undesirable but unavoidable incidents can temporarily disturb the stable condition of the power system that occurs when the insulation of the system fails at any point.

A smart GSM based fault detection and location system was used to adequately and accurately indicate and locate the fault had occurred. This will ensure a shorter response time for technical crew to rectify these faults and thus help save transformers from damage and disasters. The system uses a current transformer, a voltage transformer, arduino, short circuit detector, voltage sensing circuit (for over load cases), and a GSM modem. The system automatically detect faults, analyses and classifies these faults and then, calculates the fault distance from the control room using an impedance-based algorithm method.

Finally, the fault information is transmitted to the control room. In conclusion, the time required to locate a fault is drastically reduced, as the system automatically and accurately provides accurate fault location information. By using this project, we can detect the faults of three phase transmission lines one can monitor the Temperature, Voltage, Current by means of GSM modem by sending message.

Keywords: Short circuit detector, Fire detector, Arduino uno.