A Novel Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks based on Shifted Energy Efficiency and Priority

Because of its distinct features and wide range of underwater applications, underwater wireless sensor networks, or UWSNs, are one of the most promising research fields. Even though a number of routing protocols have been created and put into use for UWSNs recently, researchers still encounter a number of difficulties when creating routing protocols for communication in UWSNs, such as low battery power, sluggish propagation, and bandwidth limitations. Acoustic sensor nodes are powered by batteries, which have a limited capacity and can be expensive to repair or recharge. The network will not last as long as anticipated if node battery power is not used effectively. This study suggests a Shifted Energy Efficiency and Priority (SHEEP) routing scheme for UWSNs as a practical solution to this problem. For UWSNs, the proposed protocol seeks to increase the effectiveness of the cutting-edge Energy Balanced Efficient and Reliable Routing (EBR2) protocol. The current forwarding node's depth and energy, the anticipated next forwarding node's depth, and the average energy differential between the anticipated forwarders form the foundation of SHEEP. Simulation experiments demonstrate that SHEEP increases energy efficiency and packet delivery ratio by 7.4% and 13%, respectively, when compared to 𝐸𝐵𝐸𝑅2.

KEYWORDS: Underwater Wireless Sensor Network, (UWSN), Shifted Energy Efficiency and Priority (SHEEP) Routing Protocol, Forwarding Node, Energy Efficiency, Packet Delivery Ratio.